TRANSMISSION ROUTES IMPORTANT FOR EVERY EPIDEMIC ARE THE TRANSMISSION ROUTES OF THE INFECTIOUS AGENT.
In relation to COVID19 the standard assumption is that the following two transmission routes are dominant: via large droplets (droplets/particles emitted when sneezing or coughing or talking) and via surface (fomite) contact (hand-hand, hand-surface etc.). A third transmission route that is gaining more attention from the scientific community is the faecal-oral route. The faecal-oral transmission route for SARS-CoV-2 infections is implicitly recognized by WHO, see their latest technical briefing of March 2, 2020. In this document they propose as precautionary measure to flush toilets with closed lid. Additionally, they suggest avoiding dried-out drains in floors and other sanitary devices by regularly adding water (every 3 weeks depending on climate) so that the water seal works properly. This is in line with an observation during the SARS 2003-2004 outbreak: open connections with sewage systems appeared to be a transmission route in an apartment building in Hong Kong (Amoy Garden...